When there are unsuitable partners around, Lysimachia arvensis, will alter its herkogamy to favour self pollination over outcrossing with the wrong flowers
Spatial separation of stamen and stigma (herkogamy) is an effective way for angiosperm species to reduce sexual interference and prevent self-pollination. It can however also reduce the possibility of pollinators...
Across the plant kingdom, there is an extraordinary diversity of flower forms, many of which are related to variation in the morphology and arrangement of reproductive organs. To prevent self-pollination, plants have...
Ramírez and Hokche evaluated the breeding system, sexual system, dichogamy and herkogamy of herbaceous-shrubby communities from the Gran Sabana Plateau, Venezuela
The genetic diversity and structure of plant populations are determined by the interaction of gene flow, genetic drift and natural selection. These processes are to some extent dependent on the mating system of plants...
In the western United States, Clarkia (Onagraceae) taxa vary in mating system, life history, and photosynthetic physiology. Self-fertilizing taxa bloom earlier in the year and have higher rates of photosynthesis than...
Flowers have often been characterised as functionally integrated units, but it has been difficult to demonstrate adaptive floral integration against a background of conserved correlations among floral whorls due to...
Under drought stress, cross-pollination early in floral lifespan of Collinsia reduces floral longevity, but excess soil moisture does not extend longevity.
The spatial separation of stigmas and anthers (herkogamy) functions to reduce self-pollination and avoid interference between pollen dispersal and receipt. Little is known about the evolutionary relationships among the...